For Pet Owners

Surgical Education Articles

Clear, evidence-based articles written to help you understand your pet's condition — what the problem is, why surgery may be considered, what it involves, and what recovery typically looks like.

A Note on These Articles

These articles are written for general education. They are not a substitute for a consultation with Dr. Morgan or your primary care veterinarian, and they do not reflect the specific details of your pet's case. Each animal and each clinical situation is different. Use these articles to prepare for conversations with your veterinary team — not to reach a diagnosis on your own.

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Quick Reference

Surgery Day: What to Expect

A practical checklist for your pet's surgery date. The surgical team will provide specific instructions for your pet's case — always follow those first.

Before Surgery

No food after midnight (water typically OK until 6 AM — confirm with your team)
Ask about your pet's current medications — some should be continued, others paused
Bathe your pet the day before surgery, not the morning of
Bring copies of any previous imaging (X-rays, CT, MRI) or records
Prepare a quiet, confined recovery space at home before the day of surgery
Have a phone number available throughout the day in case the team needs to reach you

After Surgery

E-collar (cone) on at all times — remove only when directly supervised
Give all medications as directed — complete the full prescribed course
Check the incision twice daily for swelling, discharge, redness, or separation
No running, jumping, stairs, or off-leash activity until the team gives clearance
Keep the incision dry — no bathing or swimming until sutures are removed
Suture removal is typically at 10–14 days — do not skip this appointment
Call (718) 522-9400 if you notice: significant swelling at the incision, active bleeding, discharge with foul odor, your pet is unable to urinate, there is a sudden change in neurologic status (weakness, inability to walk), or you have any concern that something is not right. It is always better to call early.
Advanced Diagnostics

Imaging and Surgical Planning

Advanced imaging — CT, MRI, and digital radiography — is incorporated when it meaningfully improves diagnosis, surgical planning, or case selection. Not every patient requires advanced imaging, but when it changes what we do or how we do it, it is a valuable part of preparation.

Pre-operative radiograph with tibial plateau angle measurement for TPLO planning
Radiograph TPLO Pre-Operative Planning
CT scan of elbow showing fragmented coronoid process
CT Scan Elbow — Coronoid Disease
MRI of the spine showing intervertebral disc disease
MRI Spinal Disc Disease
3D CT reconstruction of the canine elbow joint
3D CT Reconstruction Elbow Joint Detail
Annotated CT scan of the nasal region showing tumor extent
Annotated CT Nasal Tumor — Sagittal View
3D CT reconstruction of the spinal column
3D CT Spinal Column Reconstruction
Thoracic radiograph for pre-operative assessment
Radiograph Thoracic Pre-Operative Imaging
Common Questions

What Pet Owners Often Ask

These are questions that come up frequently in surgical consultations. Individual answers depend on your pet's specific condition — ask Dr. Morgan's team for guidance tailored to your case.

My primary vet is recommending surgery. Does my pet definitely need it?

Not necessarily — that is precisely what a surgical consultation is for. Dr. Morgan will review the clinical findings, imaging, and your pet's overall status, and will explain what the surgical and non-surgical options are for your pet's specific condition. In some cases, surgery is clearly indicated; in others, there are reasonable alternatives. The goal of a consultation is to give you a clear, honest assessment so you can make an informed decision.

How risky is anesthesia for my pet?

All anesthesia carries some risk, and that risk is influenced by the patient's age, overall health, concurrent conditions, and the complexity of the procedure. At VERG Brooklyn, anesthesia is managed by a board-certified anesthesiologist. Pre-anesthetic bloodwork and individual assessment are standard. The goal is to tailor the anesthetic protocol to the individual patient and to monitor closely throughout. If your pet has a specific condition that affects anesthetic risk, this will be discussed during consultation.

What does a typical recovery look like?

Recovery varies significantly depending on the type of surgery, the patient's age and baseline health, and how closely instructions are followed. Orthopedic procedures typically involve several weeks of restricted activity followed by a progressive return to normal exercise. Soft tissue procedures often allow a faster return to activity. Spinal surgeries are highly variable — recovery can take days for some patients, months for others, and depends heavily on the severity of neurologic injury at the time of surgery. Specific expectations will be outlined at the time of discharge.

Can I speak with Dr. Morgan directly before or after surgery?

Yes. Dr. Morgan speaks with clients at the time of consultation to review findings and discuss the plan, and he is available after surgery to answer questions. VERG Brooklyn is a 24-hour hospital with staff available at all hours for urgent concerns, though Dr. Morgan's personal availability outside of scheduled clinic hours is naturally limited. For non-urgent questions, the best approach is to contact the surgery department directly.

My pet is older. Is surgery still appropriate?

Age alone is not a contraindication to surgery. Many older dogs and cats undergo surgery successfully when they are otherwise in good health. What matters is the patient's overall physiologic status — organ function, concurrent disease, and the nature of the condition being treated. Dr. Morgan will review your pet's pre-surgical workup and discuss whether the potential benefit of surgery outweighs the increased risks that may come with age or concurrent disease.

What is the difference between a veterinary surgeon and my regular vet?

All veterinarians receive surgical training in veterinary school, and general practitioners perform many routine procedures. A board-certified veterinary surgeon (Diplomate, ACVS) has completed an additional internship, a three-year specialty surgical residency, and passed written and clinical examinations administered by the American College of Veterinary Surgeons. The DACVS designation means the surgeon has met the certification standards of the specialty board. This level of training is relevant for complex, high-risk, or unusual cases where a higher degree of surgical experience is appropriate.

Questions About Your Pet's Case?

There is no such thing as a question that is too minor when it concerns your pet's health. If something is worrying you, please call or reach out — we would rather hear from you early.

(718) 522-9400 Send a Message

Medical Disclaimer: Articles on this website are intended for general educational purposes only. They do not constitute veterinary advice and do not replace a clinical examination or the specific guidance of your veterinary team. Always follow the discharge instructions and recommendations provided for your individual pet. If you have concerns about your pet's condition, contact your veterinarian or the VERG Brooklyn surgery department directly.